Understanding Flexible Sigmoidoscopy

What is a flexible sigmoidoscopy?

A flexible sigmoidoscopy is a procedure that allows a doctor to examine the lining of a portion of the colon and the rectum. A doctor inserts a sigmoidoscope into the anus that includes a video camera at the tip of the tube, allowing them to view footage of the rectum and colon. In addition, the sigmoidoscope can assist them in taking tissue samples if any abnormalities are discovered. While a flexible sigmoidoscopy can be used to screen for colon cancer, other methods are usually preferred. A flexible sigmoidoscopy procedure cannot be used to examine the entire colon and, therefore, cannot rule out cancer in certain parts of the large intestine. A flexible sigmoidoscopy can be used to investigate signs and symptoms of certain gastrointestinal conditions, including chronic diarrhea, changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, and other intestinal problems.

What is a flexible sigmoidoscopy procedure like?

Sedatives and pain medications are usually not required for the procedure. Patients should inform their doctor if they are taking any medications or supplements and if they have an allergy to any medications. To prepare for a flexible sigmoidoscopy procedure, the patient will need to empty their colon in order for the procedure to be accurate. Their doctor may instruct them to follow a special diet, take a laxative, adjust their medication, or use an enema kit before the procedure. The patient will lie on their left side for the procedure, and a tube will be inserted into the rectum. The sigmoidoscope allows the doctor to place air into the colon, causing the colon to expand and providing a better view of the lining. Using the tiny camera on the sigmoidoscope and viewing a monitor, the doctor can study the inside of the rectum and colon as well as use instruments to take tissue samples. The exam takes around fifteen minutes on average. If biopsies are taken during the procedure, they do not cause the patient any pain or discomfort. If any abnormalities such as polyps are found, a colonoscopy procedure may be required at a later date.  Patients may experience cramping or bloating after the procedure due to the air used, but this should disappear when they pass gas. Patients can eat and resume their normal routines after the procedure if sedatives were not used. Patients should contact their doctor if they experience any abdominal pain, fever, or rectal bleeding after the procedure. The doctor will discuss the results with a patient at a follow-up appointment and let the patient know if any additional screenings such as a colonoscopy are needed based on the results.

Contact the specialists at Granite State Gastroenterology and find out if a flexible sigmoidoscopy can help diagnose a condition related to your symptoms.