What is a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)?

A PEG is a procedure to place a flexible feeding tube through the abdominal wall and into the patient’s stomach. A percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy makes it possible for medication, fluids, and nutrition to enter the stomach. This allows substances bypass the mouth and esophagus. A PEG may be recommended for patients that have difficulty swallowing or issues with appetite. Patients may experience difficulty swallowing as a result of a stroke, head or neck injuries, or brain injuries. Those who are unable to achieve adequate nutrition through the mouth are candidates for the procedure. A PEG may also be considered for those who have a condition that interferes with how the body processes nutrition, such as those with cystic fibrosis or those on dialysis.

What is a PEG procedure like?

To prepare for a PEG, the patient will be required to fast for eight hours prior to the procedure. They may also need to talk to their doctor about adjusting their medications if they take insulin, blood thinners, or NSAIDs. They should also inform their doctor if they have any heart conditions or allergies to medications. PEG tubes are usually placed during an endoscopic procedure. A doctor will use a long flexible instrument called an endoscope to place the tube. The patient will receive anesthesia and antibiotics for the procedure. They may also receive a local anesthetic. The surgeon will make a small incision in the upper abdomen, place the PEG tube through the incision, and will then connect the tube to the stomach. After the procedure is completed, the patient may be able to return home on the same day.

What happens after a PEG procedure?

After the procedure, most patients have minimal symptoms, but they may experience pain from the incision, gas, and cramping. These symptoms should only last for 24 to 48 hours after the procedure. A bandage is placed over the incision site, and the patient will be able to remove it after two days. The area around the feeding tube will heal, and the patient will meet with the dietician and a specialist to learn more about enteral nutrition. The tube will need to cleaned daily. The tube will need to be kept clear of any material or debris after each use.